Analysis of the Development of Modern Instrumentation Technology in China

At present, China is experiencing an important historical stage of changing the industrial structure through technological innovation and upgrading the national economy from all aspects. Measuring with instruments is a means for people to obtain information from nature. At present, the vast majority of China's advanced instrumentation rely on imports, but the most advanced foreign instruments and instruments are generally developed in the laboratory, the market can not buy. The scientific and technological innovation activities that China must carry out in the first place cannot rely solely on imported commodity instruments and meters. It is necessary to carry out the development of the most advanced instrument and meter activities from now on. After years of hard work, we will provide our country's scientific and technical personnel with the most advanced domestic instruments and meters.

Instrumentation technology covers sensing technology, measuring instruments, measuring instruments, analytical instruments, automation instruments, etc., and is widely used in various fields such as national defense, industry, people's livelihood, and medical care. It can be considered that instruments and meters are the basic means and important equipment for information measurement and control in the physical world. They play a decisive role in the process of the modernization and industrialization of society in today’s society. They are the “predecessors” of scientific research and industrial production. "Multiplier", the "combat power" of military guarantees, and "materialized judges" in national activities. Technological innovation, method first, instrumentation are tools. Academician Qian Xuesen of China’s leading scientist pointed out: “Information technology includes measurement technology, computer technology, and communication technology. Measurement technology collects and processes information, and it is the source of information technology and the key to this.” Scientist of the discovery of the elemental cycle law Russian scientist Mendeleev said: "Measurement is the foundation of science."

With the development of national economy and high-tech industries, modern instrumentation technology has become China's strategic needs, especially China's deep space exploration, deep sea and deep earth exploration, manned spaceflight, large aircraft, aircraft carrier, nuclear power, high-speed railway, large-scale petrochemical As well as the development of national major projects such as medical and health care, and the development of national economy and people's livelihood, more urgent requirements are placed on the development of modern instrumentation technology.

Aiming at the development goals of China in 2030, the major and key common technologies of modern instrumentation are as follows.

1. Quantum measurement standards and traceability measurement standards are the basis for guaranteeing the accuracy of various measurement data, and have a fundamental role for all sectors of the national economy. Therefore, all countries attach great importance to the measurement standards.

The measurement standards must continue to develop and innovate with national scientific and technological innovation, economic construction, and social development, and form an advanced technological reserve, so as to effectively support China’s scientific and technological innovation, advanced manufacturing, and international trade competition, so as to ensure the nation’s measurement capabilities and our country’s Only by adapting the status of major economic power can we ensure the security of national defense and public safety at the source, ensure the fairness and reasonableness of trade settlement, and ensure the accuracy and reliability of measurement in public health, environmental monitoring, and resource protection.

Since the second half of the last century, research on quantum measurement standards has been carried out internationally. Quantum metrology standards use the latest achievements in quantum physics (mostly a breakthrough achievement won the Nobel Prize in physics) to establish a measurement that is thousands of times more accurate than the classical metrology standards that have been used for centuries. Developed countries have invested a lot of manpower and material resources to seize the commanding heights, and developing countries that do not establish quantum measurement standards lose their right to speak. Focusing on quantum measurement standards is a strategic measure in China. The most basic state-level quantum measurement standards should be established as soon as possible to serve major projects in all aspects of the country.

2. Precise measurement technology and instrumentation precision measurement technology and instrumentation in high-end manufacturing are one of the three major supporting technologies for modern manufacturing, the core foundation and key technology in manufacturing technology and equipment manufacturing technology, and also national science and technology and industry. One of the main symbols of competitiveness is the urgency, importance, and particularity of precision measurement technology and instrumentation in the process of achieving the strategic goals of the “Made in China” project.

China's precision measurement technology should combine the application background of major manufacturing industries in China and major national engineering projects, such as high-end CNC machining centers, microelectronics manufacturing equipment (lithography equipment), large aircrafts, high-speed rail transportation equipment, large-scale energy electromechanical equipment, etc. , Organize and implement a number of major science and technology special projects for precision measurement technology, and focus on breakthroughs in a number of major common key technologies to lay the foundation for the system to improve the level of China's precision measurement technology and form a high-performance instrumentation industry with independent intellectual property rights.

3. In the past ten years, under the influence of the globalized market mechanism, China's health care products and food hygiene equipment have entered into a joint venture with foreign companies, absorbed foreign advanced technologies, and implemented localization, independent innovation, and continuous technology accumulation. Supporting the scientific and technological strength of middle- and low-end medical instruments also has a considerable share in some areas (such as electronic blood pressure monitors, monitoring modules, ultrasonic detectors, etc.). However, in the field of high-end medical instruments (such as CT, MRI, and PET), we basically do not have original technologies nor advanced production and process technologies, and we should vigorously carry out key research.

In the past ten years, the country has continuously given strong support to key food safety technologies, developed various types of detection methods and testing technologies in the field of food safety, improved many previously overlooked food safety issues, and also proposed the Food Safety Law. With the implementation provides protection. Scientific instruments and testing techniques are technical support for ensuring food safety, but nowadays, most of the large-scale scientific instruments (mainly analytical instruments) needed in food safety detection technologies rely on imports, and only some small and medium-sized instruments can be made domestically. .

4. Deep space exploration instruments Deep space exploration instruments are the core of deep space exploration. Deep space exploration is an important way for humans to explore knowledge and understand the universe. It has become the most active strategic frontier technology in the field of space technology. Through constant exploration of unknown areas, it will promote cross-cutting and theoretical breakthroughs in many basic disciplines, and will ensure national security through technological advancement. At the same time, it will create new technology markets related to it, and comprehensively upgrade the country’s overall national strength from the aspects of economy and science and technology. The earth improves our country’s international status. The detection technology, detection methods, experimental methods and new concepts developed through deep-space exploration activities are forward-looking technologies, and are the major driving forces for continuous innovation and development in many technology fields, and will greatly promote China’s independent interplanetary detection capabilities and space resources. Utilizing the enhancement of capabilities and spatial weather forecasting capabilities to better understand the Earth and serve the earth and promote national security and national economic development.

Gradually establish a more complete deep space exploration scientific research system, deep space exploration instrument technology development system and engineering development system, focusing on the moon and Mars to carry out long-term sustainable deep space exploration and manned deep space exploration missions. For the long-term deep space exploration scientific research, the development of deep space exploration equipment and space activities to lay a solid technical, material and talent base, and promote economic and social sustainable development.

Zhang Zhonghua, an expert in metrology, was born on July 2, 1940 in Suzhou, Jiangsu Province. In 1957 he was admitted to the Engineering Physics Department of Tsinghua University and transferred to the Department of Electrical Engineering in 1959. After graduating in 1962, he was admitted to the Graduate School of Electrical Engineering. In 1965, he graduated from the Department of Electrical Engineering of Tsinghua University and then worked in the Institute of Metrology Sciences of China on precision electrical measurements. In 1995, he was elected member of the Chinese Academy of Engineering. Academician Zhang Zhonghua has been engaged in the research of precision electromagnetic measurement and quantum measurement standards for a long time. He has won one second prize for national science and technology progress and one third prize. In 2007, Academician Zhang Zhonghua and his team completed the "Quantization of Hall Resistance Reference" project more than 10 times higher than the highest level in foreign countries, and won the first prize of national scientific and technological progress.

Thanks to his achievements in precision electrical measurement, Zhang Zhonghua was awarded the title of National Advanced Worker in 1990 and received a special government allowance from the State Council in 1991. In 1997, he was awarded the title of National Outstanding Scientific and Technological Workers by China Association for Science and Technology. In 2001, he won the Science and Technology Award of the China Instrument Society for his contribution to basic electrical measurement standards. In 2003, he won the Heliang Heli Science and Technology Progress Award.

Zhang Zhonghua has published more than 60 academic papers in various academic journals at home and abroad and participated in the preparation of six academic monographs. Now he is also the chief editor of Academic Journals, Metrology Journal, Electrical Measurement and Instrumentation, and has done a lot of work for academic exchanges in the field. He actively participated in learning activities. He also serves as the vice chairman of the China Instrument and Control Society, executive director of the China Institute of Metrology and Measurement, director of the Electromagnetic Surveying Information Processing Instrumentation branch of the China Instrument and Meter Society, and other academic positions.