Ball
Joint:
The main function of the Ball Joint is to realize the
upper and lower bounce and turn motion of the wheel.
Structure:
There are two kinds of main structure of
the ball joint: one is spherical joint combined with the whole joint, the other
is a hemispherical joint combined. Before using helical spring structure preloading
and wear compensation, now what is widely used is elastic and lubrication
synthetic resin tee which can reduce the cost and improve the maneuverability
and stability. In addition, the material and shape of the dust cover, oil type
has greatly improved, cancel the grease nozzle,of free maintenance.
Ball joint is mainly composed of an end
cover, ball pin, tee and dust cover form.
Connection
mode:
Due to the size and type of the spatial
arrangement of the Control Arm, ball joint is connected with the control arm is
as follows, bolt or rivet connection, directly pressed into the control arm and
the control arm as one. From the ball head pin development trend, now more and
more with the control arm as a whole the fixed ball pin, to meet the needs of
small space occupation, convenient loading and low cost requirements. But the
type of ball head pin of the service life of the demand is higher, so as to
avoid the abrasion of the ball head pin or a failure. The whole control arm and
the steering knuckle ball pin connection adopt 1/6~1/10 taper fitting manner.
Perforce
Requirement:
It should have sufficient swing angle, in
order to meet the requirements of wheel jumping up and down; small friction
moment is to ensure that the steering important factors and easy manipulation;
should not be caused by clearance of wheel shimmy and abnormal noise; good
sealing performance, to ensure that the ball head pin can be used in water and
low temperature environment should have the strength and durability; enough to
withstand the force and vibration, the wheel came.
Manufacturing:
For independent suspension front and rear
suspension of the ball head pin is an important safety component protection,
must be used to ensure the quality of the production process.
1)Attention to the full joint. For hot
forging, cold forging, pressing or casting method for manufacturing blank, then
cutting. Control of materials and heat treatment is a key factor.
(2) Ball pin machining way for cold forging
products is the mainstream. In the heat treatment of the material control is
the key factor, in addition to the products of conical connection type, its
size accuracy is the key factor of stable fatigue limit, need to take measures
in size control of cold forging;
(3) Polyacrylate and polyester elastomer
synthetic resin material structure with elastic effect to become the
mainstream. In this structure, need tee shape, material design measures, to
ensure the production of stable precision molding in the mold, making the fine
The degree of control is the key factor.
(4) The structure of ball joint assembly,
assembly methods are different, but most of the rolling wheel is the main way.
As to prevent the process of different products, bad products, assembly error
and so on, take corresponding measures to prevent mistakes, also used to check
the torque. Shake angle digital inspection machine, and combining them together
to set in the procedure.
Ball Joint Ball Joint,Rod End Joint,Rack End Joint,Auto Tie Rod End Ball Joint VESTA Motoring Ltd , http://www.vesta-industry.com
1. All terrains are drawn in accordance with the plan provided by the owner and the plan map of the new town.
2. The direction of pipelines shall be determined according to the requirements of the planning department, and the water supply pipes shall be laid on the north side of the mudstone road or on the east side of the road.
3, pipe attachments set the principle:
(1) Vented valve wells and exhaust valves shall be provided on the uplift of the pipeline and on the bridge, and drainage wells shall be provided in the low depressions of the pipeline. If the actual installation is to increase the starting point or low pit, an exhaust valve well or a drainage well shall be added.
(2) The exhaust valve adopts a single-port quick exhaust valve: (KP-10).
4. The buried depth of the pipeline is deduced from the elevation of the center of the pipe given in the figure. The thickness of the top cover is not less than 1.1 meters. For DN300 and above ductile iron pipes, 200mm stone pads and 100mm coarse sand pads are required.
5, ductile iron pipe selection T-type apron interface, K10 class; steel selection welding interface;
6, steel pipe using GB700-88, Q235 or Q235 standard steel. The design of the pipe fittings adopts the nominal diameter of GB1047-90 as the standard, and the connection of pipe sections with different pipe wall thickness is preferred to adopt the internal port flat connection.
7. The basic types of anti-corrosion of the inner and outer walls of the pipeline are: the inner wall is anti-corrosion epoxy resin, and the outer wall of the buried steel pipe is an epoxy coal-tar pitch paint wrapped glass cloth. The specification is two cloth three oil one bottom (two cloth five oil), the total thickness Not less than 0.6 mm; the quality standards for internal and external anti-corrosion are carried out according to relevant national standards. In order to ensure the construction quality of the anti-corrosion coating inside and outside the pipeline, there should be good coordination for the production, transportation, installation, and earthwork of the pipeline. When lifting, consideration should be given to considering the balance point, that is, lifting at two points to prevent the tube bending to damage the anti-corrosion layer.
8. Pipe trench pits should be accurately excavated in accordance with design elevations. For over-excavation, backfill grit should be used. In the event of pits being silt and virtual soil, silt and virtual soil should be excavated. Backfill grit thickness 0.30 m. Above, in case of rocks, over 0.30 meters shall be excavated, then leveled and filled with sand fill to the design elevation.
9. After the pipeline is laid, the backfill soil shall be compacted layer by layer compaction, the density shall reach 90%, and the thickness of each layer shall not exceed 0.20 meters. Within two pipelines and 0.20 meters above the top of the pipeline, the backfill soil shall not contain stones, bricks, rubble, etc. Dumps and hard mud blocks, backfill on both sides of the pipeline should be tamped simultaneously.
10. After the pipeline is laid and installed, the pump should be timely tested and covered with earth. If it cannot be pumped and soiled in time, it should be filled with water in order to prevent the pipeline from floating.
11, pipeline design work pressure is 0.8Mpa, pipeline pressure test should be consistent with "Water Supply and Drainage Pipeline Project Construction and Acceptance Specifications" GB50268-97 regulations, the experimental pressure of each pipe section and accessories for the 1.2Mpa.
12. During construction, attention should be paid to the safety of nearby buildings and underground facilities. The construction plan must be reported to the relevant management unit for approval. Pipeline is the preferred steel pipe for street passages, and ductile iron pipes should be considered second.
13. All steel pipes in piers, wells, etc. shall be strictly tested for electric spark and pressure resistance. Only after they are fully qualified can they be poured.
14. The welding process in steel pipe production and construction is determined according to the inspection conditions of steel plate samples. General steel pipe production should be carried out in the factory. The welding quality is accepted according to the acceptance specification GB50235-97 for construction of industrial pipelines. The surface quality standard for joint welds must meet the first-level standard in Table 7.3.1; the internal quality of joint welds must meet the requirements of the third-level standard in Table 7.3.3. The X-ray film inspection is performed on the supervision engineer's opinion that defects are likely to occur. The total number of sampling inspections is 1% of the total length of the welds. The steel pipe production and installation welding of this project can be referred to the specification: GB50236-98.
15. When the pipeline passes through the main road, the depth of the map is the minimum depth required by the process. If the construction requires, the depth of burial can be increased. However, the construction plan needs to be approved by the supervision engineer. At the same time, it needs to meet the requirements of the road management department.
16. Install a fire hydrant about every 120 meters on the water supply pipe, and use type SS100/65-1.0 ground-type fire hydrant.
Water Supply Pipeline Engineering Construction Project Overview
The water supply network project is a three-phase project of the water supply network in the area: