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The composite material developed this time was formed by laminating clay film and CFRP at high temperature and high pressure, and the structure is simpler and more reliable than when the original airtight layer was made of aluminum and high-density resin. At present, basic test data is being accumulated, and durability test results for material deformation and other applications are also very good.
The composite material can be widely used in hydrogen storage tanks for aircrafts and rockets, automotive hydrogen storage tanks that require more lightweight storage containers, fuel cell containers, and mobile liquid hydrogen storage equipment. Since the use of this material can reduce gas leakage during long-term storage of the hydrogen storage section, it is advantageous for energy conservation and it is also expected to establish a low environmental load process.
A resin that is an organic polymer material easily permeates hydrogen, and thus cannot be directly used as a hydrogen storage tank material. Therefore, the industry has been trying to apply methods such as airtight layers. Although aluminum has the advantage of good airtightness, it is subject to being easily detached from the composite interface and other quality issues. However, the hydrogen tightness of the organic innerliner is very low.
In August 2004, it announced that Claist, a clay film with no pores and uniform thickness, was developed with clay as the main raw material and a small amount of resin was added. Claist is made by finely stacking clay crystals with a thickness of about 1 nm and is a soft, heat-resistant, airtight material.
The Kyushu Institute of Technology and the Tsuyama Industrial Advanced Vocational School, which have been using CFRP to develop hydrogen storage tanks, have begun to study the hydrogen gas-tight material. Both parties have begun to develop a liquid hydrogen storage tank for a recycling-type space transportation system. Collaborative research with CFRP composites. The cooperative research will also develop a method for complexing CFRP with a clay film, as well as various characteristics tests such as a hydrogen permeation test and a durability test.
The composite material that was developed this time was sandwiched between a prepreg and a CFRP prepreg and heated, pressed, and laminated. Three layers of CFRP prepregs were stacked on each side, a clay film was sandwiched between them, and a plate-like test body having a thickness of about 1 mm was obtained by heating and pressing. The hydrogen gas tightness of this test body was measured by gas chromatographic analysis of 0.7 MPa hydrogen, and the result showed that the hydrogen gas tightness was more than 100 times that of the previously published materials. This corresponds to a leakage of only 0.01% per year in a hydrogen storage tank with a length of 5m, a diameter of 1m, and a pressure of 5MPa.
Observing the cross-section of the composite material, it was found that the epoxy resin contained in the CFRP penetrated into the crevice on the surface of the CFRP, and the clay film layer and the CFRP layer were well bonded. The endurance test of the material confirmed that even if it is repeatedly bent 10,000 times, or exposed at an extremely low temperature of -196°C for 100 times, the hydrogen gas tightness is hardly reduced. This result indicates that the material is also expected to be used as a hydrogen storage tank material under extremely low temperature and high pressure conditions.
In the future, researchers will further implement a wide range of performance evaluation tests, and at the same time will make containers, test their performance, and study the suitability for various applications. Members of the research team include the research team leader of the Materials Research Center of the Compact Chemical Process Research Center of the Japan Industrial Technology Research Institute, Takeo Takeo, Professor of the Department of Mechano-Informatics of the Kyushu Institute of Technology, Graduate School of Engineering, Miho Koichi, and Professor Tsutsumi Mizumoto. Associate Professor Oyama Koichi, Associate Professor of Electronic Control Engineering, Higher Vocational School.
Japan-made research institute developed a high hydrogen gas tightness clay film resin composite material
The Japan Industrial Technology Research Institute, the Kyushu Institute of Technology, and the Tsuyama Industrial Advanced Vocational School developed a hydrogen storage tank composite with excellent hydrogen gas tightness and durability by layering clay film "Claist" and carbon fiber reinforced resin (CFRP).