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According to preliminary estimates, China's 10 m high-altitude wind energy installed capacity is about 250 million kilowatts, mainly located in the "three north" region, but due to the relative lag of regional economic development, wind power development is subject to certain constraints. In terms of offshore wind power, the offshore coastal development of wind energy resources is about 750 million kilowatts. Not only has huge resource potential, but also the market conditions for development and utilization are good. It is only because the coastal areas of China are often affected by typhoons, and the construction conditions are more complicated than those of foreign countries.
Experts in the industry pointed out that at present, China still lacks experience in offshore wind power construction. The measurement and assessment of offshore wind energy resources and the localization of offshore wind turbines have just started, and the technical norm system for offshore wind power construction is also urgently needed. Through the construction of the 100,000 KW wind farm of Shanghai Donghai Bridge and the national science and technology research project, China will conduct special research on offshore wind power related technologies, gradually establish a technical standard system for offshore wind power, and form an offshore wind turbine design with independent intellectual property rights. And manufacturing technology, to create conditions for the scale development of China's offshore wind power.
Offshore wind farms are generally constructed in offshore continental shelf areas with a depth of 10 meters and a distance of 10 kilometers from the coastline. Because the support structure requirements are more sturdy, the power generation needs to lay submarine cable transportation, and the construction and maintenance work requires the use of professional vessels and equipment, so the construction cost of offshore wind power is generally 2 to 3 times that of onshore wind power.
The advantages of offshore wind farms are mainly that they do not occupy valuable land resources, are basically unaffected by topographical features, and have superior transportation and hoisting conditions. Wind turbines have larger stand-alone capacity and higher annual utilization hours. At present, the average single unit capacity of offshore wind turbines has reached 6 megawatts, and the annual utilization hours of wind turbines are generally more than 3,000 hours, and some are as high as 4,000 hours.
After more than ten years of development, the world's offshore wind power technology is maturing and has begun to enter a large-scale development stage. At present, the total installed capacity of offshore wind power in the world has reached 800,000 kilowatts, among which countries such as Denmark, Britain, Ireland, Sweden and the Netherlands have developed rapidly. The European Wind Energy Association predicts that offshore wind power will become an important direction for wind power development in the next 15 years. It is estimated that by 2010 and 2020, the total installed capacity of offshore wind power in Europe will reach 10 million and 70 million kilowatts respectively.
China launches offshore wind power development
Under the background of the world's offshore wind power began to enter a large-scale development stage, the construction of China's offshore wind farms also kicked off. Recently, the bidding evaluation of the investment owner of the 100,000 KW wind farm of Shanghai Donghai Bridge was held in Shanghai. The relevant departments indicated that the country intends to master the offshore wind energy resource assessment, offshore wind farm design and construction technology through the construction of this wind farm, train and train the technical and management talents for offshore wind power construction, and accumulate experience in offshore wind power construction.