Our mine is one of the first large-scale aluminum industrial bases in China, one of the important mine supply bases of Shandong Aluminum Company. It was founded in July 1966. In the 34 years of bauxite mining, our mine has always adhered to the principle of “protection in development and development in protectionâ€. From the perspective of the long-term interests of mines and the development of future generations, scientific and reasonable protection and exploitation Underground mineral resources, actively prevent geological disasters, improve geological ecological environment, and achieve a virtuous cycle in resource development, economic development and ecological environmental protection. Dongguan Huayuan Electronic Technology Co., Ltd , https://www.siliconefactory-oem.com
1. Scientific planning, rational mining, and full use of useful resources
Our mining area is located in the Baijiazhuang bauxite mining area, and the rock formation in the area is stable and the geological conditions are simple. The mining layer is the G2 layer bauxite of the Benxi Formation, which is open-pit mining. The average peeling thickness is 18 meters, and the stripping ratio coefficient is 7î€86. The ore layer is layered and layered, with varying thickness and ore grade, and the top and bottom plates are undulating, belonging to the typical “wolf-like†deposit.
According to the characteristics of the deposit, the scientific planning of Yangquan Mine adopts mining methods of edge exploration, side stripping and edge mining, and makes full use of social labor resources to realize the organic combination of large-scale soil exploitation and mining and mechanical mining. For the thick and stable grades, the mining layer is fully exploited by modern equipment, and the mining layer with large thickness and small grade changes is artificially mined. In order to reduce the ore depletion and improve the recovery rate, in the equipment stripping mining, the artificial “clear roof†and “sweeping bottom†are interspersed to ensure that the ore depletion rate is not higher than 8% and the mining recovery rate is not less than 90%. In order to make full use of useful resources and not to discard a useful ore, the mine has been manually recycled by the second-stage migrant workers from the corners of the original mined area since 1996, effectively improving resource utilization. By the end of 1999, a total of 227,600 tons of ore was recovered and 60,000 tons of corner residuals were recovered.
At present, only 560,000 tons of reserve resources are available for mining in our mine. In order to properly protect and rationally utilize existing resources, the acquisition of mined bauxite around the mining area has been gradually increased since the late 1980s. The resources are protected mining, and only 2-3 million tons of low-grade ore is mined each year for ore production.
Second, the rich and the poor, both primary and secondary, comprehensive utilization of underground resources
In the process of bauxite mining, according to the needs of the company's alumina production, our mine adopts a combination of rich and poor mining methods for comprehensive blending, so that the comprehensive grade of ore supply is stable at an aluminum to silicon ratio equal to 5î€00-6. î€00 between.
For the rare gold with a total bauxite, gallium associated genus, Building limestone, refractory clay, "Shanxi-style" iron mine, mine I also process bauxite mining, make the effective exploitation and utilization. Metal gallium is recovered in the company's alumina smelting process; the mined limestone is mainly used in the mine's infrastructure materials, and has been mined nearly 20,000 tons, and there are still 70,000 tons available for development; proven reserves of refractory clay mines 88î€95 Ten thousand tons, after years of exploitation and utilization, the geological reserves have been written off 6.4 million tons, and only a small amount of sporadic minerals are available for artificial mining. “Shanxi-style†iron ore, due to small reserves, unstable distribution and low grade, only a small amount of artificial exploitation.
Third, according to law, mining, comprehensive management, to achieve a fundamental improvement in the mining order
Achieving a fundamental improvement in the mining order is a necessary condition for the mine to continue to develop healthily. To this end, since 1994, our mine began to comprehensively control the mining production order in the mining area. First of all, it has carried out in-depth and extensive publicity and education activities on the Mineral Resources Law and its supporting regulations, so that the concept of mining according to law and mining according to law is deeply rooted in the hearts of the people; The second is to effectively strengthen the governance of the order of the stope, formulate a specific and effective management system, and determine the specific responsible person. Four professional management personnel in our mine have been hired as part-time mineral monitors by the Yangquan Municipal Bureau of Geology and Mineral Resources. They have fully exercised the functions of supervision and inspection on the mining of the mine and surrounding resources, and cooperated with the law enforcement personnel of the mines to timely discover and stop private mining. Digging the phenomenon, burying or filling illegal mining pits, and appointing six managers to take turns to maintain the normal production order of the stop, completely ban and prohibit the illegal mining of individuals; the third is to fully coordinate the relationship between the mine and the surrounding rural workers and peasants In order to rectify the mining order, the surrounding units are recognized and actively cooperated to jointly maintain a good mining order. Through effective and effective governance activities, the mine mining area and the surrounding mining order have achieved good results. Since 1996, it has been rated as an advanced unit of mining order rectification for four consecutive years. [next]
The United States Worldwatch Institute has concluded that mining is one of the most devastating acts of the environment... The slag and industrial waste generated by the mining process not only encroached on large areas of land, but also destroyed vegetation and ecological environment, exacerbating Soil erosion and land desertification. Then, between mining development and environmental protection, is there a way to smoothly open ore without destroying the environment?
Through 34 years of organized and planned land reclamation, afforestation and “three wastes†treatment, our mine has effectively protected and improved the entire mining area and surrounding ecological environment. A barren mountain ridge that had only 13 ancient pines in the past has become a "garden-style" mine with green trees and flowers everywhere. Our specific approach is:
I. Saving land and protecting land
In the 34 years of mine construction, our mine pays great attention to saving land and protecting the land, so as not to occupy or occupy less farmland as much as possible, and to make up for the temporary use of cultivated land. This is a principle that our mine has always adhered to in occupying land. At the beginning of the construction of the mine, according to the original design plan, the mine in the mine site only occupied 156 mu of cultivated land. In order to support the agricultural development and reduce the occupation of cultivated land, we built the factory, dormitory and office building in the cultivated land and the gulf. On the barren hillside, only 40î€05 acres of inferior cultivated land were occupied, which was 25î€64% of the original design. In 66 years, there are two kinds of schemes for the design of the main roads in the mining area. One is to occupy 40î€05 acres of good land on the sunny slope, and to build a straight road with small slope, less curved roads and small investment; the other is to occupy only inferior cultivated land. î€ 7 acres, build a curved road with large slope, large investment and long distance. In order to save the cultivated land and promote the development of agriculture, we would rather take a detour without occupying More than one mu of cultivated land. As a result, the second option was chosen. In the 68 years, according to the production schedule, the land occupation of the mining area was rationally planned. The 27 mu of cultivated land that was temporarily unused was implemented, and the local farmers were temporarily cultivated. This practice was welcomed by farmers.
While occupying less land and easing the cultivated land, we have made a big fuss about the secondary use of land acquisition. For more than three years, we have built clubs, nurseries, office buildings, health stations, garages and two small parks. No. 1 goaf; the explosives processing plant was built in No. 2 goaf; the construction duty room and maintenance workshop were built in No. 3 goaf. The cumulative use of land for 238 î€ 1 mu has effectively saved and protected the cultivated land.
Second, reclaiming land for the benefit of society
Open-pit mining production, along with the removal of a large number of surrounding rocks and the discharge of waste rock, will inevitably destroy a large number of cultivated land, destroy the inherent land ecological environment, and at the same time trigger a variety of geological disasters. In order to solve this problem, we have always placed the restoration of mining area vegetation and re-engineered farmland at the top of the list while minimizing, absorbing and saving land. In the mining production, the methods of stripping, mining, and land-making are adhered to, and the processes of mining, geotechnical stripping, waste rock discharge, and land-covering are planned, organized, and arranged in a coordinated manner. Every time a mining area is mined, a large amount of stripped waste rock and loess are used for land, and the process of transforming and destroying land is an environmental action for mining science. In the past 34 years, 312 mu of land has been built in three dumping sites, including the mouse ditch, trading ditch and Shipengou; 129 î€ 75 mu in the goaf; 50 î€ 1 mu in the small terraced wasteland; in the barren hills and hills The area is 3 8 î€ 55 acres. In addition to the 338 î€ 1 mu land acquisition for secondary use, a total of 869 î€ 1 mu of land is reclaimed, and the per capita land area is 1 î€ 89 mu, and the reclamation rate reaches 65%. On June 10, June 26, and October 14, 1999, the "Treasures of Land and Resources" wrote three times to praise the outstanding land reclamation performance of our mine. This rehearsal performance was once again confirmed on the special issue of the 30th World Earth Day on April 22 this year.
Land reclamation not only has very significant economic and social benefits, but also plays an important role in restoring the ecological geological environment and preventing the occurrence of geological disasters such as soil erosion, collapse, landslides and mudslides.
Third, rational mining, proper protection, prevention and control of geological disasters
Open pit mining, reasonable selection of the slope angle and the width of the safety platform, and the construction of retaining earth dams in key areas are the basic measures to ensure the stability of the slope and prevent geological disasters. In theory, the final slope angle design requirements for open-pit aluminum mines are generally 55°-60 °, all mines are specified below 55°, and the safety platforms all meet the design requirements of 4 meters. At the same time, the intensity of the mine pipe was increased, and various illegal mining activities on the slope were strictly prohibited, thus ensuring the stability of the final slope of the three stopes. After more than 30 years of construction, there has never been a large collapse or landslide. On this basis, our mine is also planting shelter forests and building retaining rock dams along the slopes and dumps of the stope and major traffic roads and buildings. Among them, there are only more than 60 retaining earth dams, totaling 20,866 square meters. Effectively ensure the stability of the slope to prevent the occurrence of geological disasters such as soil erosion, collapse, and landslide. The outstanding work performance has been evaluated by Yangquan City as an advanced unit for water and soil conservation for many years. [next]
Fourth, planting trees, planting flowers and plants, creating garden-type mines
At the beginning of the mine construction, the mine was located in a barren hill, and there were only 13 ancient pines on a few square kilometers of land. In order to change this aspect, while mine is doing a good job in production and construction, we will focus on greening and beautifying mines as an important task. Every spring, overcoming the natural difficulties of planting trees in barren hills, thousands of trees have been planted by means of sloping stone barriers, earthmoving and filling pits, and watering trees. Up to now, they have been in the valleys, on the slopes, in the goafs, and in the residents. More than 50,000 trees have been planted on both sides of the district and roads, more than 5,000 square meters of lawns have been planted, and 1,760 acres of green areas have been planted, with a greening rate of 85%. On the basis of the effectiveness of the greening work, our mine aims to create a “garden-style†mine. In the past few years, it has built 20,000 square meters of mine parks, artificial lakes and water pavilions and other garden-style places, built more than 10 different shapes of flower ponds, planted 33 kinds of flowers and trees, and gradually turned the mine into a flower. The large garden of the mining area, which is not monochromatic, has no monotonous trees, green in all seasons, and flowers in three seasons, has reached the standard of gardening. Over the years, our mine has won the honors of “Landscape Greening Standard Unitâ€, “Advanced Unit for Greening Work†and “Provincial Civilized Unitâ€, and has been commended by the municipal government, the municipal government and the Shanxi Provincial Government.
V. Governing “three wastes†and reducing environmental pollution
First, waste slag treatment, soil mining will produce a large amount of waste rock and industrial waste, if not managed, not only will occupy a large amount of land, but also direct pollution. The method of treating waste residue in mine is to combine the treatment of waste residue with reclamation, and discharge the waste waste rock into the deep gully or goaf of the barren hills, and to build the ground after compaction and compaction for more than 30 years. I have not seen any traces of waste in the mine area. The second is dust and waste gas treatment. The most serious dust position in mine is bauxite crushing system, mining site and storage yard. In order to reduce the pollution of dust to the workers and the surrounding environment, we have carried out many technical researches, spent a lot of money on the pulse bag type dust collector, and implemented watering and dust reduction at the construction site and the storage site, while the mining operation was arranged as far as possible at night, reducing The degree of pollution; in the boiler dust purification, measures to release dust and wall-mounted water curtains have been implemented to make the smoke emission lower than the concentration specified by the state. The third is wastewater treatment. Over the years, our mine has spared no effort to rebuild the sewers by manpower and financial resources. It has built sewage treatment tanks for various systems, implemented clearing and diversion, sewage interception, and centralized treatment methods to combine wastewater discharge with farmland irrigation and gradually form A complete wastewater treatment system. It not only avoids Taohe pollution and secondary pollution, but also effectively prevents soil erosion.
Since July 1966, our mine has undergone 34 years of hard work. In this former barren hills and mountains, the modernization of today's buildings, tree-lined buildings, complete living facilities, rich cultural life, and the safe living and living of workers have been built. mine. Although mines are now in the old age as mines, unlike ordinary mines, our mines are not abandoned in the local area with environmental degradation, disasters and hidden dangers, but 860 acres of fertile farmland and 50,000 acres. The green tree full of vitality is a large garden with blooming flowers and green eyes. At present, our mine has begun to start a second venture. The business structure has changed from a single mining production to a single industry, and the development situation of multiple operations coexist. We will continue to pay more attention to the dialectical relationship between economic development and environmental protection. Achieve sustainable development of the mine.