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On July 1, 2011, the administrative regulations "Road Safety Protection Regulations" formulated to contain the phenomenon of increasingly severe overloading were formally implemented. The “Regulations†put the establishment of a long-term mechanism for over-riding governance as the most important task. If there are violations of overloaded vehicles within three years, the driver will be revoked the operation certificate and also enforce the road law enforcement. The specification.
Under the high pressure of laws and regulations, how can the logistics and transport that make money through overloading now earn money and make more money without overloading? This raises new issues for commercial vehicle manufacturers: if the “Regulations†can be effectively implemented, commercial vehicles can be promoted. Product lightweight technology advancement, and accelerate the application of lightweight technology. Nowadays, commercial vehicle companies expect to use light weight to help transform their products, so that users can ensure high efficiency and seldom pass the government oversight.
Forcing cargo vehicles to lose weight
In China, due to the actuality of overloading, manufacturers have long been making heavy-duty trucks strong and durable as the main direction of development, and lightweight technologies have long been neglected. Some users tend to buy more solid and thick cars, which can be easily converted into cars that can be overloaded at the conversion plant. Although manufacturers do not support overloading, the products they produce must be guided by market demand. Therefore, the focus of previous production has been on solid and heavy models.
The “Regulations†that came into effect on July 1, 2011, changed the previous use of fines as a major measure to penalize overloading of trucks. Instead, they revoked vehicle operation licenses, ordered road transport companies to suspend operations, and even revoked transportation business licenses. The mode of punishment of the card. In the past, under the pressure of high costs, auto logistics companies often relied on illegal overloading to win profit margins. However, after the implementation of the "Regulations", the cost of over-limit overloading has increased dramatically.
The way that truck users rely on overloading to make money is increasingly impracticable, and large tonnage and small scale are eliminated from the source, and the old money-making model has come to an end. Coupled with the high price of domestic oil prices, the lighter weight of heavy trucks can reduce users' considerable use costs. In the field of heavy trucks, the future development trend is more and more about the efficiency of transportation, and efficiency will bring about changes in the mode of transportation. Under the situation of high freight costs and high oil prices, users are mainly considering the benefits of light-pull, fast-run, and fuel-efficient benefits when they purchase lightweight heavy trucks.
People in the industry believe that if the "Regulations" are put into place, they can play a role in overstating and overloading, and will change the demand structure of the truck market and instead focus on producing lightweight products. Because in the case of an upper limit on the total weight of goods, the lighter the weight, the more goods that can be pulled, and the user will tend to buy lightweight products.
Lightweighting of commercial vehicles is imperative
The two important factors that affect the development of trucks are the two aspects of governance overload and fuel economy reduction. The work on the “Standard for Limits on Fuel Consumption of Heavy Commercial Vehicles†is being developed intensively and is expected to be completed in July and August 2011.
At present, most of the truck's fuel is consumed by its own weight while the overload is still relatively common. Compared with foreign countries, the light weight of China's commercial vehicles is huge. Domestic commercial vehicles are generally heavier than foreign ones. As for the number of heavy vehicles, the figures from various parties are not the same, but the industry's more consistent view is 15%-20%.
According to reports, with a 40-ton tractor, the weight of our heavy trucks is basically around 9 tons, and only 7 tons are imported from abroad. The self-weight of the dump truck accounts for half, which is 3 or 4 tons more than that of foreign countries. Although the vans are better, the gap is also very large. The self-weight is still a couple of tons higher than the load.
Lightweight commercial vehicles on the one hand can save fuel, and on the other hand, they are lighter and pull more. From a fuel-saving perspective, commercial vehicles run at high speeds for long periods of time. When the weight is reduced by 10%, the fuel consumption will be reduced by about 4.8%. This is undoubtedly very attractive to truck users who are struggling to survive in the era of high oil prices.
Even if it is not to the user's fuel-saving costs, just from the point of view of energy-saving and consumption reduction of the entire industry, the light weight of commercial vehicles is also significant. If China's commercial vehicles are relatively low compared to 2007 levels in 2020, they can lose 20% to 25%, and save 25 to 30 million tons of fuel each year. The crude oil production rate in China is about 72%. This figure is even greater if it is converted into oil.
Lightweight is not a concept show
In recent years, the upsurge of commercial vehicle lightening in China has become more like a collective show of corporate speculation. Right now, domestically-made lightweight heavy-duty trucks use aluminum alloy fuel tanks, use fewer leaf springs or rubber suspensions, shift biased tires for radial tires, and double tires to single tires, and most of them stay in relatively simple parts replacement and lighter. Materials used. Replacing the drive axle with a steering axle and changing the double-layer beam to a single-layer beam is also a commonly used technical measure for domestic lightweight heavy trucks. However, due to the limitation of the technical level of domestic metal materials, it is not only that the weight loss is limited, but also that the weight-bearing capacity of the vehicle is greatly reduced.
Lightening should be a reflection of the improvement of the overall level of society and the improvement of transportation efficiency. Now it has become the concept used by companies for hype. Some companies' lightweight products are even cutting corners. By reducing the thickness of steel plates and the number of accessories, on the surface it is lighter, but it will eventually threaten the safety of traffic. Safety is the bottom line. Skipping safety talks does not make any sense.
When it comes to weight reduction, many people think that it is a matter of material technology and it is actually wrong. This kind of understanding is the main bottleneck that hinders the improvement of China’s lighter weight. Lightweighting is the integration of design, manufacturing, and materials technologies. It must be the result of coordination among various technicians. To talk about optimal structure design, it is necessary to achieve product weight reduction through the integration of multiple materials and multiple manufacturing technologies. Taking the Mercedes-Benz door design as an example, it introduces the connotation of modern vehicle lightweight technology: it reflects the most likely compromise and comprehensive consideration in function, weight, quality, and product compatibility. As a result, collision safety is improved, weight is reduced by one kilogram, and cost is reduced by 15%. It can be said that this is the case of successful lightweighting.
All in all, lightweight design is not only to save material, reduce self-weight, and increase the load. The more important purpose is to reduce energy consumption, reduce emissions, improve operational efficiency, and drive safety.