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Chinese manufacturing companies are participating in the international division of labor cooperation in the form of overseas mergers and acquisitions. According to expert analysis, under the impetus of the new technological revolutions such as the Internet and smart manufacturing, the global industrial restructuring is accelerating. Multinational corporations in developed countries continue to separate non-core businesses, enabling Chinese companies to carry out mergers and acquisitions in various areas of the manufacturing industry and acquire patented technologies. Brands and marketing channels, while comprehensively enhancing China's manufacturing capacity, have promoted the integration of China, the world's largest manufacturing base, and the global industrial system.
The pace of "going out" is getting faster
On October 10, Luoyang Molybdenum Industry Co., Ltd. announced that the company's acquisition of Anglo American's high-quality alumina (AANB) and phosphate (AAFB) projects in Brazil has completed the delivery. The delivery of the Brazilian phosphonium project was completed, marking the largest overseas acquisition of the Chinese A-share market this year and has now completed nearly half. At the same time, the planned RMB 18 billion increase for Luoyang Molybdenum has also been accepted by the China Securities Regulatory Commission. The company has taken another step towards the goal of the international mining giant.
Not only is Luoyang molybdenum industry, news of overseas acquisitions of Chinese-funded enterprises has recently been reported frequently.
In September, China National Gold Corporation announced that it had completed the acquisition of 82% of the shares of the El Dorado Gold Company's Guizhou Jinfeng Gold Mine. At this point, the largest and most complex cross-border M&A of China National Gold Group Corporation was completed.
In August of this year, COFCO announced that it had acquired the remaining 49% of the Dutch grain trading company Nydrah and completed the acquisition of the entire equity stake in Nydra. The British "Financial Times" commented that the move meant that COFCO took a step toward the world's leading agricultural trader.
At the same time, the U.S. Foreign Investment Committee also approved China Chemical Industry Group's acquisition agreement with Swiss agricultural chemical and seed company Syngenta, clearing a major obstacle to this $43 billion M&A deal. If the transaction is completed, it will become the largest overseas acquisition of Chinese capital in history.
Midea Group also initiated three consecutive overseas acquisitions within six months. Two transactions that have already disclosed the amount of money have reached 32.5 billion yuan. Recently, Midea Group announced the acquisition of German industrial robot manufacturer KUKA. In July, Midea announced the acquisition of an Italian air-conditioning company. In June, the case of Midea Group’s acquisition of Toshiba, Japan, had just settled.
According to statistics released by the Ministry of Commerce, in the first seven months of this year, China’s mainland investment in China’s Hong Kong, ASEAN, EU, Australia, the United States, Russia, and Japan’s seven major economies amounted to US$ 75.09 billion, accounting for 73.1 of total foreign direct investment over the same period. %. M&A has become the main method of direct foreign investment. From January to July, China's enterprises implemented 459 overseas mergers and acquisitions projects involving 63 countries and regions, covering 15 industries such as information transmission, software and information services, and manufacturing. The actual transaction amount was USD 54.3 billion, accounting for the total foreign investment over the same period. 52.8%.
Pay more attention to high-end manufacturing investment
In the first seven months of this year, non-financial direct foreign investment reached 102.8 billion U.S. dollars, an increase of 61.8%. Among them, the high-end manufacturing industries in developed countries in Europe and America have become hot spots for China's foreign direct investment. Experts said that while China’s foreign investment has continued to increase, the direction and form of investment have also been constantly changing, and it has developed towards diversification and high-end. High-end manufacturing is one area where Chinese capital is most concerned.
In recent years, the pace of Chinese companies going to the United States to acquire high-end manufacturing has continued to accelerate. For example, Dalian Machine Tool Group invested tens of millions of US dollars, wholly acquired Ingersoll Production Systems Inc., a well-known US machine tool manufacturing company, and set up Ingersoll Production Systems, a Dalian machine tool group, which is mainly engaged in the production and sales of combined machine tools. China Shenzhen Container North America Corporation acquired a container trailer manufacturer in the United States. After the completion of the acquisition, the production efficiency was greatly improved through transformation and upgrading; Shaanxi Qinchuan Group acquired an American broaching production company and its subsidiaries in Michigan. By combining Qinchuan Group's technological advantages in cutting, the company is currently operating normally. In addition to continuing to produce machine tools, Qinchuan will also sell Qinchuan products.
Ni Feng, President of Universal United Inc., said that Wanxiang Group, like other Chinese companies, is currently advancing toward high-end manufacturing. In 2014, Wanxiang acquired Fisker, Delaware, USA, for US$149 million. After the adjustment, reconstruction, and upgrade, it established the Kama Electric Vehicle Company. According to the plan, it will produce a luxury sports car. The goal is to enter the US high-end electric Car market. Ni Feng deeply said with emotion: "In foreign mergers and acquisitions, there are three aspects must be carefully: First, research needs to be done, we must take the opportunity to start acquisitions; Second, the target companies must have links with the domestic industry, can complement each other; Third, Look to the long term."
Xing Houyuan, deputy director of the China Service Outsourcing Research Center of the Ministry of Commerce, stated that since the beginning of this year, Chinese overseas mergers and acquisitions, especially manufacturing, have played an important role in reconstructing the global industrial chain. Driven by new technological revolutions such as the Internet and smart manufacturing, global industrial restructuring has been accelerated. Multinational corporations in developed countries have continued to dismantle non-core businesses, enabling Chinese companies to carry out mergers and acquisitions in multiple areas of manufacturing to acquire patented technologies, brands, and marketing. The channels, while comprehensively enhancing China's manufacturing capacity, have promoted the integration of China, the world's largest manufacturing base, and the global industrial system.
"Recognizing that with the improvement of China's overall national strength, overseas mergers and acquisitions have become an important way for Chinese companies to 'go global' and participate in high-level cooperation in international division of labor." Shen Danyang, spokesperson of the Ministry of Commerce, pointed out that this is to promote Chinese enterprises The status in the global value chain and the transformation and upgrading of the domestic economy will play an important role in deepening mutual benefit and common development between China and other countries in the world.
M&A risk should not be underestimated
A senior mining person who asked not to be named revealed to the China Industry News that the risk of overseas mergers and acquisitions should not be underestimated.
Taking mining as an example, the biggest risk is the cyclical nature of commodities. In the last round of mining gold ten years, stimulated by 4 trillion yuan, many state-owned mining companies have also made large-scale mergers and acquisitions overseas. However, as a matter of fact, at the time, the ore price was not yet in the end, and many state-owned mining companies cut down to the waist and eventually dragged down their own performance and suffered losses.
Second, overseas mergers and acquisitions also face foreign political, environmental protection, regulations and other risks. Among the four major mining giants, there are also cases where overseas large-scale projects have struggled for more than a decade and cost billions of dollars. In addition, exchange rates and financial risks are also uncontrollable.
The "2016 Overseas Corporate Financial Risk Management Report" released in Beijing recently pointed out that Chinese companies' overseas mergers and acquisitions have an efficiency of only one-third, and weighted cross-border cross-cultural integration factors. Only less than 20% of overseas mergers and acquisitions can be truly successful.
The “Overseas Chinese Enterprises Sustainability Report 2015†jointly issued by the SASAC Research Center and the Ministry of Commerce Research Institute also shows that only 13% of companies in China’s “going out†enterprises are profitable, and 24% of the companies are in balance. And loss status.
If you consider the integration challenges faced by companies within 100 days or more after the investment, including the realization of synergies, to meet cross-border and cross-cultural challenges, only less than 20% of Chinese companies can eventually achieve corporate value through overseas acquisitions. growth of.
The motives of M&A in Chinese companies are not clear, due diligence is not sufficient, decisions are not scientific, and cost-benefit and risk control are lacking in pre-plans. This is an important reason for the failure of overseas mergers and acquisitions.
Chinese companies often encounter over-quotas in overseas M&A. This is the so-called “Chinese premium.†Sellers feel that Chinese companies rely on the Chinese market, so M&A prices often rise again based on reasonable valuations.
In the transaction completed in 2015, the median price-to-earnings ratio of the acquired company reached 32.6 times, reaching a new high since 2007; the company's book-to-book ratio was 2.0 times, also a new high in recent years. The median premium paid by Chinese companies reached 26.4%, which was a significant increase from 2014, but it is still near the historical average.
High-end manufacturing becomes a hot spot for foreign investment
According to the latest data from the Ministry of Commerce, non-financial direct foreign investment reached 102.8 billion U.S. dollars in the first seven months of this year, an increase of 61.8%. The amount of overseas acquisitions by Chinese companies has exceeded the sum of last year. Among them, the high-end manufacturing industries in developed countries in Europe and America have become the hot spots of China's foreign direct investment.