The die casting process involves the use of a furnace, metal, die casting machine, and die.
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Lin Zexin said that the cyanobacteria have appeared in time. It used to be in July and August. But at the end of May last year, Taihu Lake discovered a large area of ​​blue-green algae. Earlier this year, in April, the blue-green algae appeared on Taihu Lake in advance. Lin Zexin told reporters that according to their current situation, large areas of blue-green algae have been found in the western and southern parts of Taihu Lake.
It is understood that the emergence of cyanobacteria requires several conditions. First, the concentration of nitrogen and phosphorus in the water is higher; second, the temperature is more suitable; third, the water is low and the water flow is slow. It is well-known that the discharge of phosphorus-containing detergent wastewater from rivers, lakes and seas will lead to eutrophication of water, red tides in coastal waters, and algal blooms or cyanobacterial disasters in lakes and rivers. Therefore, the relevant experts proposed: China's detergent comprehensive legislation on phosphorus is imperative.
It is understood that most of the phosphorus in the water comes from the phosphate fertilizer washed away by rainwater in the farmland, and most of it comes from the discharge of detergent wastewater containing sodium tripolyphosphate. In China, about 600,000 to 700,000 tons of sodium tripolyphosphate washing wastewater is discharged every year, and most of these phosphorus-containing wastewater flows into rivers, lakes, and seas and has greatly exceeded the ability of water to degrade itself. Nowadays, it is still difficult for the technology to remove the phosphorus from the wastewater. Even if a tertiary wastewater treatment plant is established, it is difficult to solve the eutrophication problem. Therefore, under the current conditions, the prohibition of the production, sale, and use of phosphorus-containing detergents is a relatively simple and easy-to-do measure to control the phosphate contamination of waters from the source, and it is also the only measure to effectively prevent the occurrence of red tides and blue algae. And this measure can only obtain long-term and effective protection through legislation.
However, due to institutional and other reasons in China, the formulation of detergent product standards has not always shake off the industry interests and the monopoly of the industry monopoly, lagging behind the national governance environmental pollution. For example, in the 90s of last century, China successfully developed and promoted the use of 4A zeolite as a substitute for phosphorus. In 1995, it formulated and promulgated industrial standards and national standards for low-phosphorus and non-phosphorus detergent powders, which stipulates that the production of phosphate-free washing powder must be Use 4A zeolite and minimum usage. Due to the many disadvantages of using zeolite 4A as a builder, this provision of the standard limits the development of phosphate-free laundry detergents. With the development of science and technology, a new generation of non-phosphorus builders with better performance has been born - sodium silicate. In response to numerous calls from people in the industry, in 2004 the relevant authorities finally revised the national standards and promulgated and implemented new detergent standards. However, the new standard has increased the non-capped index of “≥80%†of phosphorus pentoxide content in phosphorus-containing washing powder, which is not conducive to reducing the amount of phosphate used in washing powder.
In fact, the State Environmental Protection Administration stipulated in the technical requirements for environmental label certification products promulgated and implemented in March 1999: The total active material + polyphosphate + 0.77 times the sum of 4A zeolite in the quality standard of fabric detergent products. The ≥30%" requirement may not be implemented. The total phosphorus content in the detergent is ≤1.1%. In addition, China's "Eleventh Five-Year Plan" put forward a request for a 10% reduction in the total discharge of major pollutants. Therefore, the competent departments of the detergent industry should comply with this situation, as soon as possible should develop a reasonable detergent standards, the choice of non-phosphorus additives should respect science, overcome the monopoly of the industry; detergent industry research, technology sector and production Enterprises should increase research and development of concentrated non-phosphorus detergents and actively promote them; relevant departments should actively promote the advantages of concentrated non-phosphorus detergents to the society and consumers, so that the majority of consumers can recognize ordinary Peng detergents and concentrates. The difference in the cost-effectiveness of non-phosphorus detergents, to understand the advantages of concentrated phosphorus-free detergents with strong decontamination ability, safe use and environmental protection.
The relevant enterprises also appealed that the relevant national industry authorities should implement certain preferential policies to support enterprises in the traditional tower spray powder detergent production equipment in the process or transformation or partial use to produce concentrated phosphate-free washing powder. Gradually limit and eventually eliminate the production process of high-tower spray powder detergent, and completely clear the market of powdered laundry detergent products, so as to achieve a harmonious development of detergent production and environment, energy and resources.
The metal, typically a non-ferrous alloy such as aluminum, is melted in the furnace and then injected into the dies in the die casting machine. After the molten metal is injected into the dies, it rapidly cools and solidifies into the final part, called the casting.
The castings that are created in this process can vary greatly in size and weight, ranging from a couple ounces to 100 pounds. One common application of die cast parts are housings - thin-walled enclosures, often requiring many ribs and bosses on the interior.
Metal housings for a variety of appliances and equipment are often die cast.
Several automobile components are also manufactured using die casting, including pistons, cylinder heads, and engine blocks. Other common die cast parts include propellers, gears, bushings, pumps, and valves.
Detergent comprehensive phosphorus ban legislation is imperative
Lin Zexin, deputy director of the Taihu Basin Authority, disclosed to the media on April 15 that according to their current situation, large areas of cyanobacteria have been found in the waters of the western and southern parts of Taihu Lake. Senior officials from the Ministry of Environmental Protection have reminded that there is still a large area of ​​outbreaks of cyanobacteria blooms this summer. Jiangsu Province has launched three levels of emergency mechanisms at the provincial, city and county levels to strengthen the early warning and treatment of water quality in Taihu Lake and ensure that no drinking water crisis occurs.