Tubing is mainly used to provide oil and gas flow passage during production of oil and gas wells. For flowing wells, due to the large inner diameter of the CASING, the casing is directly used for production. Due to the density difference, pressure drop and expansion, the liquid flows up rapidly, causing the liquid to slip, resulting in the ineffective utilization of the downhole elastic energy. Running tubing with smaller OD and ID during production can effectively solve the above problems by allowing fluid to flow in the tubing. Therefore, running tubing is required during production of flowing wells. The downhole operation and production of flowing well and non flowing well can be completed by using various tools for tubing running.
The basic requirements of the tubing used for workover are: to comply with the safety and economic principles, to meet the technical requirements adopted during well completion, and to meet the requirements for corrosion resistance and operation measures after the well is put into production.
According to the manufacturing process, oil pipes can be divided into seamless pipes and electric welded pipes. Seamless pipe is a kind of forged steel pipe without welding seam, which is made of hot working steel. After pressing, stretching, heat treatment and other processes, it reaches the standard size of oil pipe, forming a seamless oil pipe series. Electric welding pipe is a kind of pipe with a longitudinal weld formed by resistance welding or electric induction welding without filler metal. The welding edges are squeezed together by mechanical pressure, and the standard size oil pipes are reached through heat treatment and other processes, forming a series of electric welding pipes.
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However, Volvo Cars, which is also the representative of Swedish cars, started a new campaign in China. After being acquired by Zhejiang Geely Automobile, Volvo Cars began to recalibrate its brand positioning. The "human-respected" brand slogan indicates that Volvo's brand strategy has shifted. Bringing the user's experience to a new height is a must-do for Volvo who wants to return to the first queue of luxury brands. How does the adjustment of brand positioning affect Volvo?
From August 30 to September 5, 2011, the newspaper Automotive Research Institute and Gasgoo.com conducted surveys on the shift in the positioning of the Volvo brand. In this survey, 2,382 people from the industry participated in the voting. The results show that 38% of people believe that Volvo's brand positioning is clear and can help it achieve a certain degree of improvement in marketing. Thirty-five percent of people denied this, while another 27% did not agree, saying that it was still "not easy to say."
Brilliant and question marks The global industry is not very optimistic about the future development of Volvo's global outlook. It is still a question mark whether Volvo, which is far behind the BMW, Audi and Mercedes-Benz's top three, can continue to shine brilliantly in the past few years.
On August 23, 2011, Volvo released a brand strategy plan in Beijing. “People-centeredâ€, “modern luxury experience†and “advantage everywhere†have become the three main demands. Its original “safety, low-key, high-grade "The connotation of the brand has not been mentioned. Richard Mondino, Volvo's Vice President of Global Marketing, said, "In order to position our brand philosophy, we have even studied the furniture of the Ming Dynasty."
After being acquired by Ford, Volvo was mostly at a loss. Before its acquisition by Geely, its most recent quarterly profit was in the first quarter of 2007. The financial crisis in 2008 further exacerbated its loss. This also directly confirmed Ford’s determination to sell it.
However, Volvo’s strength has also been gradually restored since 2009. In 2009, the pre-tax loss of Volvo's cars was 653 million U.S. dollars, which was an improvement over the 2008 loss of 1.465 billion U.S. dollars. From the beginning of the first quarter of 2010, Volvo has basically resumed its profit, and maintained the momentum of recovery throughout the year. According to Volvo's official data, the annual pre-tax profit for 2010 was 2.34 billion Swedish kronor (about 360 million U.S. dollars), an increase of 7.525 billion Swedish kronor (about 1.17 billion U.S. dollars) from the previous year. In the first half of 2011, Volvo realized operating profit of 1.2 billion Swedish kronor (about 190 million U.S. dollars), and its sales volume increased by 20.3% year-on-year to 230,746 units, which was mainly due to the significant increase in new car sales in China, Europe and North America.
However, the domestic industry is not very optimistic about the future global development prospects of Volvo. It is still a question mark whether Volvo, which is far behind the BMW, Audi and Mercedes-Benz's top three, can continue to shine brilliantly in the past few years.
There are 30% of people who are outspoken about the pessimistic expectations of Volvo's future global development prospects. They directly say that they are “not optimisticâ€; up to 37% of those who hold a wait-and-see attitude think “not to sayâ€. However, in view of Volvo's market performance in the past one or two years, 33% still have optimistic expectations.
Compared with the top three of the luxury cars, Volvo missed the best luxury car development opportunity in the Chinese market in recent years. It has been opened up in terms of brand recognition, marketing system construction, product layout, and user development. The distance.
In this survey, most people feel that based on Volvo's current global performance, it is difficult to judge that it will maintain this growth momentum, especially in today's globally unstable economic conditions. In addition, the competitive landscape of the first camp of the global luxury car market has been relatively stable under the deep plowing of the three major luxury car brands in Germany. Volvo needs to fight against this situation. At the same time, after Geely's acquisition of Volvo, the integration time limit between the two parties is only one year. The collision between Chinese and foreign cultures and business concepts will continue in the future development. There are still many uncertain factors for Volvo.
Shen Hui, Senior Vice President of Volvo Global and Chairman of China, once confessed that “In Sweden, Volvo is regarded as a Chinese company; in China, it is also attributed to Sino-foreign joint ventures.†This positioning has increased the number of Volvo’s global revival trips. A lot of intangible resistance.
At the beginning of Geely's acquisition of Volvo, many analysts worried that this mature high-end brand of Volvo may be damaged, especially in the Chinese market where the original brand performance is not strong. In the survey, the Geely acquisitions in the past year accounted for only 27% of the total number of voters who had a negative impact on Volvo’s brand image in China. It was thought that those who played a positive role accounted for 32%. However, the overwhelming majority of people believe that Geely’s acquisition has little impact on Volvo’s brand in China. It is difficult to say whether it is positive or negative. The number of people who hold this view is as high as 41%.
Volvo's goal in the Chinese market is to reach an annual sales volume of 200,000 vehicles by 2015, occupying 20% ​​of the luxury car market.
Compared with the top three luxury cars, Volvo missed the best luxury car development opportunity in the Chinese market in recent years. It has been opened up in terms of brand recognition, marketing system construction, product layout, and user development. It is not only hard work that the three strong equalizing the market that wants to be as eye-catching as the Chinese market in just three or four years.
The survey results show that only 20% of people are optimistic that Volvo in China is “completely possible†to achieve “survive after†type of overtaking, but compared to 47% of people think this is “very difficult†and 33% The people think that based on the current market situation and Volvo’s comprehensive capabilities, it is difficult to say whether this expectation can be achieved.
Survey: Volvo Strategy Suspected
Saab cars are still stuck between life and death. The Swedish carmaker has been in crisis since April 2011. After several twists and turns, there has been no improvement. Now, many analysts believe that even if they can achieve complete cooperation with Chinese partners, their future will have great instability.