Study on Beneficiation Process of Low Grade Complex and Difficult to Treat Lead Oxide Ore

I. Introduction

Currently, refractory Lanping lead oxide zinc mine in the pilot study and optimization phase oxidation of lead and zinc mining resources development and utilization of the rich abandoning the poor still use the traditional method of direct smelting of high-grade ore. In order to improve resource utilization, low-grade Lanping 2004 Beijing Mining Research Institute of Yunnan golden tripod Zinc Corporation owned complex refractory oxide, lead and zinc were tested to optimize research new technology development. After nearly half a year of ore dressing test and process mineralogy of ore, the whole flotation separation process for the treatment of the mine was effectively developed.

Second, the test ore sample

(1) Chemical analysis and phase analysis

The chemical composition analysis results of the test ore samples are shown in Table 1. The lead phase analysis results are shown in Table 2, and the zinc phase analysis results are shown in Table 3.

Table 1 Chemical composition results of test ore samples

Table 2 Results of lead phase analysis of test ore samples

Table 3 Results of zinc phase analysis of test ore samples

(2) Mineral composition

For the test ore samples (original ore), a more detailed study of the mineral composition was carried out according to the metal minerals and the gangue minerals. The results of the mineral composition studies are shown in Table 4.

Table 4 Test mineral composition

From the above mineral composition results, the lead oxides and zinc oxide minerals in the test ore samples are numerous and complex, especially the zinc oxide minerals are more complicated, and the proportion of water-soluble zinc and zinc-zinc mines is larger. This part of the zinc is in the flotation process. The zinc oxide mineral, which is relatively difficult to float, is difficult to select.

(3) Mineral inlay grain size

The inlaid grain size of the main minerals of the ore sample is mainly medium and fine grain inlay, and the coarse, medium and fine particles are unevenly embedded, and the particles are less. Mineral dissemination size was in the order: limonite ore> calamine> sphalerite> galena> pyrite and marcasite. The particle size range of the smithsonite is 0.015-1.0 mmI, mainly composed of medium-grained inlays, and the coarse, medium and fine particles are unevenly embedded; the size range of the sphalerite is 0.01-2.0 mm, with medium and fine-grained inlays. Main, coarse, medium and fine grain inhomogeneous inlay; galena has a particle size range of 0.005-0.8mm, mainly composed of medium-grained inlays, unevenly embedded coarse, medium and fine particles; pyrite and white iron The inlaid grain size of the ore is in the range of 0.003 to 0.8 mm, mainly composed of medium and fine grain inlays, and the coarse, medium, fine and fine particles are unevenly embedded. Most of the useful minerals in the ore are granular and vein-likely embedded in the fractures of gangue minerals (mainly quartz ) particles, and the ore is deeply oxidized, some ore is loose, and there are more limonite, carbonate and sulfuric acid. There are also many salt minerals, which are easy to pulverize and dissociate.

(4) Dissociation of minerals

The test ore sample has a nitrite monomer content of 94.8% under the condition of grinding fineness -0.074mm 80%, and 5.2% of the symbiotic body such as sphalerite, pyrite and gangue; sphalerite monomer Accounted for 92.5%, with gangue, limonite, pyrite, etc., respectively, 5.1% to 2.0%, 0.4%; smectite monomer accounted for %.1%, with gangue, limonite, yellow iron The ore bodies were 2.8%, 0.6%, and 0.5%, respectively. Obviously, when the grinding fineness -0.074mm accounts for 80%, the galena, sphalerite and smithsonite are fully dissociated, but it should also be seen that the +0.074mm galena galena and sphalerite dissociation Not enough.

Third, mineral processing technology research

(1) Preferred flotation test of sulfide ore

According to the results of lead-zinc phase study, the oxidation rates of lead and zinc in the test samples were 75.85% and 69.89%, respectively, and the sulfurized phases containing lead and zinc were 24.15% and 31.11%, respectively. Lead and zinc in the vulcanized phase should be recovered during the flotation process. After multiple program experiments, a preferential flotation scheme for sulfide ore was developed. That is, the flotation scheme of the sulfide ore concentrate of lead sulfide, sulfur concentrate and zinc sulfide concentrate is first floated. The test process flow is shown in Figure 1.

Figure 1 Sulfide mine priority flotation test process

1. PN dosage test of lead sulfide flotation collector

The test procedure for the preferential flotation of lead sulfide collector PN is shown in Figure 1. The test results are shown in Figure 2.

Figure 2 Test results of PN dosage of lead sulfide flotation collector

It can be seen from the test results in Fig. 2 that when the PN dosage is 30g/t, the lead grade and recovery rate of the obtained lead sulfide coarse concentrate are superior, so it is determined that the PN dosage of the lead sulfide rough selection is 30g/t.

2. Sulfur-based flotation regulator CN dosage test

Under the condition of lead sulphide flotation PN dosage 30g/t, flotation of sulfur is preferred, and the amount of CN is tested. The test procedure is shown in Figure 1. The test results are shown in Figure 3. The sulfur flotation feed is the lead sulfide ore tailing.

Figure 3 Sulfur-preferred flotation regulator CN dosage test results

From the results of the sulfur flotation test, it is known that the addition of CN is beneficial to the recovery of sulfur flotation during the flotation of sulfur. Due to the fine particle size of the partial sulfur, in order to prevent the sulfur from being insufficiently floated, the zinc sulfide is introduced. The ore causes the grade of zinc sulfide concentrate to decrease, so a certain amount of CN is added in the test, and the amount of CN is 300g/t.

3, zinc sulfide preferential flotation CuSO ₄ dosage test

The zinc sulfide preferential flotation CuSO ₄ dosage test, the test process is shown in Figure 1, the test results are shown in Figure 4, and the zinc sulfide flotation feed is the sulfur flotation tailings.

Figure 4 Zinc sulfide preferred flotation CuSO ₄ dosage test results

The amount of copper seen from the above test results sulfate, copper sulfate in an amount of 300g / t, the resulting crude zinc sulfide concentrate grade and recovery are high, then a large amount of copper sulfate, zinc recovery rate of increase was not obvious to determine the amount of copper sulfate It is 300g/t.

(2) Zinc oxide flotation test of new flotation reagent

On the basis of the zinc oxide flotation process, according to the test results of the new flotation agent selection of zinc oxide, the effective zinc oxide flotation conditions were finally determined. The process conditions are shown in Figure 5. Under the process conditions, the dosage of each agent was determined. test. The zinc oxide flotation feed is a post-de-sludge product of the sulfide ore mixed flotation tailings.

Figure 5 New process conditions for zinc oxide flotation

1, collector MA dosage test

The test conditions for the amount of collector for the new flotation process of zinc oxide are shown in Figure 5. The test results are shown in Figure 6. The zinc oxide flotation feed is the de-sludged product of the zinc sulfide flotation tailings.

Figure 6 Zinc oxide flotation collector MA dosage test results

It can be seen from Fig. 6 that when the amount of collector MA is increased from 50g/t to 200g/t, the zinc recovery rate is gradually increased; but when the amount of MA reaches 100gA, the grade of zinc oxide concentrate is the highest, and the zinc content is 13.89%. Increasing the amount of collector, the grade of zinc oxide concentrate begins to decrease; the increase of zinc recovery rate is not large, so the dosage of collector MA is preferably 1008/t.

2, the adjustment agent D-2 dosage test

Under the condition of the collector MA dosage of 100g/t, the dosage of the regulator D-2 was tested. The test conditions are shown in Fig. 5, and the test results are shown in Fig. 7. From the test results in Figure 7, it can be seen that when the amount of D-2 is 2000g/t, the grade of zinc oxide coarse concentrate is slightly reduced, but the recovery rate of zinc oxide flotation operation is up to 59.14%, so the amount of D-2 is determined to be 2000g/ t.

Figure 7 D-2 dosage test results

3, the adjustment agent D-1 dosage test

Under the condition that the amount of collector MA is 100g/t and D-2 is 2000g/t, the dosage of adjusting agent D-1 is tested. The test conditions are shown in Fig. 5, and the test results are shown in Fig. 8.

Figure 8 D-1 dosage test results

It can be seen from the test results in Fig. 8 that when the amount of D-1 is 1500g/t, the grade and recovery rate of zinc oxide coarse concentrate reach the maximum, which are 16.61% and 75.33%, respectively, so the dosage of D-1 is 1500g/ t.

4, sodium sulfide dosage test

Under the conditions of 100 g/t of collector MA, 2000 g/t of D-2 and 1500 g/t of D-1, the sodium sulfide dosage test is carried out. The test conditions are shown in Fig. 5, and the test results are shown in Fig. 9. The test results in Figure 9 show that when the amount of sodium sulfide is 4000g/t, the grades of zinc oxide coarse concentrate and the recovery rate of operation are 16.85% and 75.04%, respectively, which are the highest, so it is determined that the amount of sodium sulfide is 4000g/t.

Figure 9 Sodium sulfide dosage test results

(III) Determination of sodium sulfide content in zinc oxide coarse concentrate

The zinc oxide selection condition test only carried out the sodium sulfide dosage test, and the selected ore is the combination of the two coarsely-selected concentrates of zinc oxide. The test conditions are shown in Fig. 10, and the test results are shown in Fig. 11.

Figure 10 Test procedure for the selection of sodium sulfide in zinc oxide coarse concentrate

Figure 11 Test results of zinc oxide selected sodium sulfide dosage

It can be seen from the test results that when zinc oxide is selected, when the amount of sodium sulfide is 1500g/t, the selected factors of the refined concentrate grade and the operation recovery rate are better. Therefore, it was determined that the amount of sodium sulfide selected was 1500 gA.

(4) Open-circuit flotation test

The open-loop flotation test process is shown in Figure 12, and the test results are shown in Table 5.

Figure 12 Open circuit test procedure for lead oxide zinc ore flotation process

Table 5 Open-circuit flotation test results

(5) Closed circuit flotation test

The closed-loop flotation test process is shown in Figure 13, and the flotation test results are shown in Table 6.

Figure 13 Closed circuit test process

Table 6 Closed-circuit flotation test results

Fourth, the conclusion

1. The zinc minerals in this test sample are more complex, the content of heteropolar ore (zinc silicate) is higher, the distribution rate is 16%-91%; the distribution rate of zinc in water-soluble zinc (zinc bismuth) is 5.93%; The distribution of zinc in the mine is 7.78%. The lead oxide zinc ore is a low grade complex refractory ore.

2. The conventional ammonium sulfide flotation method cannot effectively float the zinc oxide ore in the ore, especially water-soluble zinc and zinc silicate.

3. Using the new flotation reagent system, the regulators D-1, D-2 and the collector MA can effectively float zinc oxide, especially recovering some heteropolar ore.

4. Provide effective ore dressing technical support for the development of low-grade complex and difficult-to-handle zinc oxide.

references

1. Institute of Mineral Engineering, Beijing Research Institute of Mining and Metallurgy. Small-scale experimental research report on new flotation process of Lanping refractory lead-zinc mine. [R]. Beijing: Beijing Research Institute of Mining and Metallurgy, 2004.

2. Institute of Mineral Engineering, Beijing Research Institute of Mining and Metallurgy, Lanping refractory lead-zinc mine full flotation process new technology industrial test report [R]. Beijing: Beijing Research Institute of Mining and Metallurgy, 2002.

3. Research Institute of Mineral Engineering, Beijing Research Institute of Mining and Metallurgy. Research Report on Improving the Recovery Rate of Zinc Concentrate in Lanping Oxide Lead-Zinc Ore [R]. Beijing: Beijing Research Institute of Mining and Metallurgy, 2001.

Author unit

Beijing Research Institute of Mining and Metallurgy (Shao Guangquan, Zhang Xinping, Liu Wanfeng)

China Light Industry Press (Li Ying)

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