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We analyze the smart water meter from another perspective today (here we refer to the term “intelligent water meter†refers to the “electronic water meter†based on the traditional mechanical water meter, plus electronic devices for prepayment or information transmission. "The water meter" is a factor that is slowly developing in our country, and hope can arouse everyone's attention.
I do not know if you have noticed that there is no such phenomenon: that is, whenever there is a big development in the market of smart water meters, they are periodically collapsed due to serious problems in the quality of our products. Although there are some large manufacturers who blame it as “the reason that water companies use poor quality productsâ€, we have to ask: Is it really true? Will we dare to guarantee that all our products will be safe from problems? I don't think so. I don't believe in asking myself the following questions: How much have we solved it?
The choice and use of the power supply battery Many manufacturers currently use the battery as an energy provider only, and do not study the impact of the performance and capacity of the battery on the smart meter. There are several problems here:
First of all, everyone did not earnestly calculate and have a clear understanding of the selected battery capacity and the effective capacity of their own design and selection of circuit boards. At present, the battery (whether it is CR18505S/M or ER18505S/M) selected by everyone is insufficient. To support the current smart water meter (mainly referred to as the IC card prepayment meter) to work normally for 6 years (usually only use 2 to 3 years), but everyone is just trying to figure out this battery is cheap. Some people argued that the batteries they used were still in use for 8 years. It's okay for us to ask these manufacturers. How do you know that this battery is working properly for 8 years? (Lithium-argon batteries are not working. In the state, 90% of the electricity is still normal for more than 10 years.) At the same time, why not think about why a large number of batteries can only be used for 2 to 3 years?
In addition, the on-line detection methods and methods for batteries in foreign countries are rarely mastered by manufacturers in China (for example, processes and methods for detecting battery performance without damage are not available in China at present, either by battery manufacturers or users). Imagine again, how many details of the smart water meter of your smart meter have to be perfected from design to production (isn't the product that is urgently and profitably delivered to the market with imperfect or even fatal defects)?
The problem of signal sampling At present, at least sampling of the wet IC card prepayment meter mainly uses the built-in reed switch in the sampling loop (also called the signaling loop). The biggest problem in this approach is that the sampling loop and the reed switch are easily The pressure shroud is fractured during assembly and damaged. In particular, some reed switches are invisible cracking (there are no problems in the factory test, and they only fail after being used in the field), but there is a big hidden danger.
Protection of electronic devices such as circuit boards, batteries, actuators, etc. Currently, many manufacturers use plastic encapsulation methods to encapsulate their circuit boards in a plastic box to solve the problem that smart water meters are actually exposed to dark and humid environments. "Waterproof battery", the actuator is sealed with a small amount of glue on its structure. On the surface, it seems to solve the problem of protection of smart water meters, but in fact it is nothing more than stealing bells. The reasons are as follows:
First of all, the circuit board is encapsulated by the glue filling method. On the surface, it seems to solve the protection of the circuit board. However, meticulous research can be concluded that this method of grouting is only short-term for the circuit board, because over time, the moisture and oxygen molecules in the air will be connected to the signal line from the circuit board ( This type of signal cable is mostly multi-strand stranded) and the gap in the middle of the strands enters the circuit board (there are no expansion joints between the plastic parts caused by some manufacturers using hard plastic potting); Oxygen in the air can corrode the board's metal (including the PCB's copper traces on the circuit board, etc.). Moisture in the air can cause leakage of certain devices (such as capacitors and batteries) on the board.
Secondly, the battery uses a waterproof battery. On the surface, it can be regarded as solving the problem of waterproofing of the battery. However, everyone knows that the connection used to replace the battery is still leaky (some manufacturers simply do not need to replace the battery cable.) , directly connect the battery connection to the circuit board, ask: How to replace the battery?), so the battery protection of the current smart meter is not qualified.
Moreover, at present, many manufacturers use a small amount of coating methods to protect the actuators. Let's not talk about the adhesives currently used by most manufacturers are porous plastics (such as 704 glue), which can not prevent the moisture and oxygen in the air. enter. From the effect of gluing, due to factors such as its non-uniformity, this method is also unable to prevent the entry of moisture and oxygen in the air. Once moisture and oxygen in the air enter the interior of the actuator, metal (copper and iron) parts inside it will be corroded and rusted, affecting the normal operation of the actuator. For protection, it is better not to do bad protection. If it is not done, in the dry climate, the protected device can also be dry (such as the winter in the north). If you get into the humid air, it will be difficult to come out again. What about protection devices?
Protection against external magnetic attacks This proposition may have some people think that we put forward here, it seems to be the naive and ignorant of the strong magnetic attack smart water meter, will confidently say that the problem has long been resolved.
I hereby tell the column very seriously: It is not our ignorance, but you are ignorant! You may be the same as we used to think that external magnetics only attack our samples and circuit boards. As long as we keep these two places in check, we can prevent the external magnetic field from attacking and disturbing the smart meters. The actual situation is actually not the same, for a way to think about the problem: We use a strong magnet (50X50X25 N35 neodymium iron boron available on the market for 40 yuan) placed in a smart water meter by a certain position on the actuator. When the motor is attacked, the motor will be attracted by the strong magnets and will no longer work (the smart meter will show no longer closing the valve under normal water conditions).
Moreover, the most vexing thing is that when the attack is successfully completed with this magnet, it will be removed and the water meter will still not be restored (ie, the smart meter will always be in the state where the valve is not closed). In other words, with a strong magnet, you can attack countless smart meters without stealing water by closing the valve, and the attack cost is very low (there can be zero cost in theory). How can we solve this problem? Can't you get your interest?
This is the reality of what we now call smart water meters (although we are talking about "IC card prepaid water meters" in most cases here, but as long as it is the same problem for all intelligent water meters with valves), from From this point of view, our blind spot for understanding the smart water meter is the fatal dead hole in the current smart water meter, and it is a problem that we urgently need to solve.
The original title "The fatal problem of smart meters and their solutions" By Yao Yu, industry expert
Breaking smart water meters to understand blind spots needs to solve these problems
[Chinese Instrument Network Encyclopedia Knowledge] Smart meters have been around for nearly 20 years from the beginning of development to now. After many years of thought, many people complain that smart water meters are developing too slowly. Complains that the water supply enterprises in China have not promoted the promotion of smart water meters, resulting in the slow development of smart water meters.